How attribution works

The attribution flow

Dub uses a multi-stage attribution model that tracks the complete customer journey from initial click to final purchase:

Stage 1: Click tracking
Stage 2: Lead tracking
Stage 3: Sale tracking

Stage 1: Click tracking

When a visitor clicks a partner’s referral link, Dub captures the click server-side before redirecting to your website. This happens automatically and cannot be blocked by ad blockers.

Diagram showing how click events are tracked

Data captured at click:

Unique click ID
Timestamp
Geographic location (country, city, continent)
Device type (mobile, desktop, tablet)
Browser and operating system
Referrer URL
UTM parameters
Whether the click came from a QR code or a short link

The click is appended to your destination URL as a dub_id query parameter:

https://yoursite.com?dub_id=cm3w8x2...

Then, the Dub Analytics script detects the dub_id parameter and stores it as a first-party cookie.

// The SDK automatically handles this when installed
// Cookie: dub_id=xyz... (expires in 90 days by default)

Why first-party cookies?

Persist across page navigation and sessions
Not blocked by ad blockers (unlike third-party cookies)
Compliant with privacy regulations
Work reliably across all browsers

The default cookie lifetime is 90 days, meaning conversions within this window are attributed to the original click. You can customize this with the expiresInDays parameter.

Stage 2: Lead tracking

Diagram showing how lead events are tracked

When the visitor takes a qualifying action (signup, booking, form submission), you track a lead event. This links the customer to the original click.

await dub.track.lead({
  clickId: cookies.get("dub_id"), // From the cookie
  eventName: "Sign Up",
  customerExternalId: user.id, // Your user ID
  customerEmail: user.email,
  customerName: user.name,
});

The lead event is automatically deduplicated based on customerExternalId + eventName. Only the first event for each combination is recorded, preventing duplicate attribution.

Stage 3: Sale tracking

Diagram showing how sale events are tracked

When the customer makes a purchase, you track a sale event. Dub automatically links this to the customer’s previous lead event.

await dub.track.sale({
  customerExternalId: user.id, // Same ID from lead event
  amount: 9900, // Amount in cents ($99.00)
  paymentProcessor: "stripe",
  invoiceId: "inv_123", // For idempotency
});

The sale is attributed to the partner who drove the original click, and a commission record is automatically created based on your program’s reward rules.

Attribution models

Dub supports two attribution models:

Last-click attribution (default)
First-click attribution

Last-click attribution (default)

All credit goes to the most recent partner link the customer clicked before converting.

// include this script tag in your HTML Head tag
<script
  src="https://www.dubcdn.com/analytics/script.js"
  data-attribution-model="last-click" // can be omitted since it's the default
  defer
></script>

// install the package (e.g. npm install @dub/analytics)
import { Analytics as DubAnalytics } from "@dub/analytics/react";

export default function App() {
  return (
    <Layout>
      <DubAnalytics
        attributionModel="last-click" // can be omitted since it's the default
      />
      {/* Your app code here */}
    </Layout>
  );
}

Pro-tip: Last-click attribution is the most commonly used attribution model when it comes to affiliate attribution, since it gives the most credit to the final partner that got the customer to convert.

First-click attribution

All credit goes to the first partner who introduced the customer, regardless of subsequent clicks.

// include this script tag in your HTML Head tag
<script
  src="https://www.dubcdn.com/analytics/script.js"
  data-attribution-model="first-click"
  defer
></script>

// install the package (e.g. npm install @dub/analytics)
import { Analytics as DubAnalytics } from "@dub/analytics/react";

export default function App() {
  return (
    <Layout>
      <DubAnalytics
        attributionModel="first-click"
      />
      {/* Your app code here */}
    </Layout>
  );
}

When a customer clicks multiple partner links:

Model	Behavior
Last-click	The `dub_id` cookie is overwritten with each new click. The most recent partner gets credit.
First-click	The original `dub_id` cookie is preserved. The first partner retains credit.

Each click is still recorded in analytics, so you can see the full customer journey even if only one partner receives the commission.

Attribution window

The attribution window is the timeframe during which a conversion can be credited to a click. In Dub, this is controlled by the cookie lifetime:

Configuration	Default	Description
`expiresInDays`	90	Days the `dub_id` cookie persists

// Set a 30-day attribution window
<script
  src="https://www.dubcdn.com/analytics/script.js"
  data-cookie-options='{"expiresInDays": 30}'
></script>

// install the package (e.g. npm install @dub/analytics)
import { Analytics as DubAnalytics } from "@dub/analytics/react";

export default function App() {
  return (
    <Layout>
      <DubAnalytics
        cookieOptions={{
          expiresInDays: 30,
        }}
      />
      {/* Your app code here */}
    </Layout>
  );
}

If the customer converts after the cookie expires, the conversion event will not be attributed to the original click.

Cross-domain attribution

If your customer journey spans multiple domains, Dub supports cross-domain tracking as well:

yoursite.com → app.yoursite.com
app.yoursite.com → checkout.yoursite.com
yoursite.com → anothersite.com

Learn more in the cross-domain tracking guide.

Partner commission flow

When a sale is attributed, Dub automatically calculates and records the partner’s commission:

Sale event received with customerExternalId
Customer lookup finds the associated lead and original click
Partner identified from the click’s referral link
Commission calculated based on the reward rules for the partner’s group
Commission created with pending status

Direct sale attribution

For scenarios without a signup flow (e.g., one-time purchases), you can track sales directly with the click ID:

await dub.track.sale({
  clickId: cookies.get("dub_id"), // Directly from cookie
  customerExternalId: order.email,
  customerName: order.name,
  customerEmail: order.email,
  amount: 4900,
  invoiceId: order.id,
});

Learn more about direct sale tracking.

Direct sale tracking bypasses the lead event. This means lead-based rewards are not created—only sale commissions.

Deferred lead tracking

For products with qualification periods (trials, approvals), Dub supports deferred lead tracking:

// Track initial signup (deferred)
await dub.track.lead({
  clickId: cookies.get("dub_id"),
  eventName: "Sign Up",
  customerExternalId: user.id,
  mode: "deferred", // Creates customer link but defers reward
});

// Later, when qualified
await dub.track.lead({
  clickId: "", // Empty - uses existing customer record
  eventName: "Qualified Lead",
  customerExternalId: user.id, // Same customer ID
});

This ensures partners are only rewarded when customers reach a meaningful milestone. Learn more about deferred lead tracking.

Troubleshooting attribution

Common issues

Issue	Cause	Solution
Conversions not attributed	`dub_id` cookie missing	Verify SDK installation and allowed hostnames
Wrong partner credited	Last-click model with multiple clicks	Consider first-click model if appropriate
Duplicate leads	Same customer tracked twice	Ensure consistent `customerExternalId`
Missing commission	Sale tracked before lead	Track lead event first, or use direct sale tracking

Verifying attribution

Check the cookie: Inspect browser cookies for dub_id
Test the flow: Click a partner link, sign up, and verify the lead appears in your dashboard
Review analytics: Check the Events tab for click → lead → sale progression

GETTING STARTED

CONCEPTS

INTEGRATIONS

OPEN SOURCE

How attribution works

The attribution flow

Stage 1: Click tracking

Stage 2: Lead tracking

Stage 3: Sale tracking

Attribution models

Last-click attribution (default)

First-click attribution

Attribution window

Cross-domain attribution

Partner commission flow

Direct sale attribution

Deferred lead tracking

Troubleshooting attribution

Common issues

Verifying attribution

​The attribution flow

​Stage 1: Click tracking

​Stage 2: Lead tracking

​Stage 3: Sale tracking

​Attribution models

​Last-click attribution (default)

​First-click attribution

​Attribution window

​Cross-domain attribution

​Partner commission flow

​Direct sale attribution

​Deferred lead tracking

​Troubleshooting attribution

​Common issues

​Verifying attribution

The attribution flow

Stage 1: Click tracking

Stage 2: Lead tracking

Stage 3: Sale tracking

Attribution models

Last-click attribution (default)

First-click attribution

Attribution window

Cross-domain attribution

Partner commission flow

Direct sale attribution

Deferred lead tracking

Troubleshooting attribution

Common issues

Verifying attribution